Stakin operates validators for over 40 blockchain networks. As each network is different, we adapt the relevant infrastructure to the constraints and requirements of each network. First and foremost, the goal is to avoid double-signing risks or extended downtime events, which could lead to missed rewards or downtime slashing.

Stakin sets up a unique and segregated infrastructure for each network that does not interact with the rest of our networks and operations. We want to make sure that our infrastructure is specifically designed, dedicated, and optimized for each network where we operate. Typically, we over-provision our infrastructure (higher CPU, RAM, disks, etc.) to ensure we can handle periods of high network stress.

When possible, our validators operate behind geographically distributed sentry nodes to improve the reliability of the setup and add an extra layer of protection against potential DDOS attacks.

Our validators have redundancy to ensure we can switch to a redundant machine in case of downtime. We use a manual failover process with multiple team members double-checking the setup to ensure that there are no double-signing risks. We’ve found that most historical double-signing events from validators are due to errors in automated failover processes.

Our 24/7 monitoring and alerting processes enable us to prevent, notice, and resolve issues within reasonable downtime windows. We also take frequent snapshots of blockchain databases in case of failure of the redundant validator. These snapshots help us quickly recover from any malfunction/issue or errors on the redundant machines.

Our talented global team has an excellent track record of execution in the Web3 ecosystem, artificial intelligence, cybersecurity and finance. With this combination of expertise, innovation, intellectual capital and diversity, we provide distinct and effective solutions for our clients and partners.

Stakin has 24/7 monitoring is to ensure that risks are minimized, and rewards are maximized.

Stakin has built its dashboards to track events at both the server and blockchain levels. For this purpose, we mainly use in-house built software and scripts that integrate with common dashboard solutions and notification/alerting across various company channels.

We also take advantage of open-source third-party and community solutions for redundancy.

Our company takes a proactive approach to server management, with alerts set at lower thresholds to prevent incidents and be able to work on the necessary troubleshooting or hardware upgrades before incidents happen.

By monitoring blockchain activity in addition to server activity, Stakin can get informed about potential network-level outages and take a participative approach towards troubleshooting with the other validators and community on how to resolve the issues.

The team has direct chats with core development teams, other peers, and network foundations in case of emergencies, such as unscheduled network upgrades, vulnerability discovery, network downtime, and attacks. In addition, Stakin maintains a security email address shared with development teams for security-related emergencies.

Our processes are built to ensure that incidents are escalated and resolved as quickly as possible. In case of an incident such as node downtime, DDOS, or targeted attack, our priority is to secure the users' funds and avoid double-signing, then work on potential downtime risks while keeping the infrastructure secure. As a non-custodial staking service, client funds are not directly at risk, except for slashing in the event of prolonged downtime or double-signing.

Our infrastructure is purposefully built for business continuity, from the node set-up to the monitoring, as well as through thorough geographical provider diversification.

We operate a validator backup node or a quick sync set-up for redundancy with a regular snapshot for each network. Backup validator nodes run at different providers and in various data centers than the validator itself and can be activated under the manual redundancy process.

The infrastructure security and redundancy processes are frequently tested on testnet networks for training and preparation purposes.

Stakin has implemented a strict Information Security Policy with rules for access to production infrastructure, including servers operating blockchain nodes and validators.

Our approach to security extends beyond technical teams, DevOps, and network operations, with regular training and education on multiple blockchain-related risks, such as phishing risks and human engineering.

Stakin frequently reviews best practices in the industry to adapt its information security management systems at the organizational level and ensure the security and reliability of the infrastructure and the security of the overall operations.

We also conduct frequent reviews of our different service providers (bare metal, cloud, or other IT services) to ensure they meet our quality, security, and reliability standards.